The base stations work directly together over fiber optic connections, without the need for additional network elements. Compared to traditional copper lines, optical communication provides higher transmission rates and longer distances, making it a critical technology in base stations. Which optical modules are commonly used in 4G base stations? In this blog, ETU-LINK will talk about 4G base stations and common types of optical modules.
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There have been multiple variants of the electrical interface of optical modules that have been used over the years.
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Single fiber modules (BiDi) use one fiber for both transmitting and receiving data. As an essential component of optical fiber communication, optical modules are optoelectronic devices that facilitate the conversion between optical and electrical signals during the transmission process. Optical modules typically have an electrical interface on the side that connects to the inside of the system and an optical interface on the side that connects to the outside. On an optical network, a sender needs to convert electrical signals into optical signals before sending them to a receiver, and the receiver needs to convert received optical signals into electrical signals.
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When connecting two network switches, both SFP ports on each switch must use the same wavelength, or similar SFP modules that are compatible with each other. Matching SFP modules with switches or media converters is a critical step in building a reliable fiber-optic network. It's just that OM4 has better optical characteristics, and as such can keep signals intact over a longer distance. The following figure shows the optical modules supported by the S5720-12TP-LI-AC.
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The 40 Gigabit QSFP+ SR4 fiber-optic module typically works with multimode fiber patch cords and connects via MPO interfaces. The S-Class Cisco 40GBASE-SR4-S QSFP module supports link lengths of 100 and 150 meters, respectively, on laser-optimized OM3, and OM4/OM5 multimode fibers. It enables 40GbE transmission with only two fibers, making it a practical alternative to QSFP-40G-SR4 in environments where fiber resources are limited or MPO. OM3 and OM4 laser-optimized 50/125 μm multimode fibers are the fibers of choice, but recently TIA approved a 50/125 μm wideband multimode fiber (WB MMF) for industry consideration. ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 25 has approved the OM5 designation for inclusion into the ISO/IEC 11801-1 document, and TIA has. The 40G transceiver module portfolio offersc ustomers awide variety of high-density and low-power 40Gigabit Ethernet connectivity options for datacenter, high-performance computing networks, enterprise core and distribution layers, and service provider applications.
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